The Economic Survey 2011-12 suggests policies to put India on a surer footing for sustained, inclusive growth and all-round development. The survey takes note of the Government fighting malaise of inflation with numerous calibrated steps which constituted a combination of policies to improve supply, especially of food and basic agricultural products and curb fiscal and revenue deficits. Independently, the Reserve Bank of India tightened the monetary policy.
While the battle against inflation had some slowing down effect on growth, there were no signs of major long-tem damage or rise in unemployment. The Government thus is in a position to turn its attention more exclusively to inclusive growth, notes the survey. The Survey recommends that Government's primary concern now has to be to advance the economy's productivity and improve income distribution.
The fiscal year 2011-12 saw several initiatives to improve agricultural productivity and management of supply chains which have yielded results and contributed to containment of food price inflation. Deregulation of savings bank interest rates since October 2011 have contributed to control the Wholesale Price Index (WPI) inflation rate.
The survey suggests that rapid fiscal consolidation is the only way out to keep inflation down and aim for robust growth. "The principle way in which this has to be achieved is by raising our tax-GDP ratio and cutting down wasteful expenditures", says the Survey.
The centre's gross tax-GDP ratio (BE 2011-12) stood at 10.5 per cent. "Our aim must be to cross 13 per cent by 2016-17" adds the Survey. The Economic Survey 2011-12 also notes that critical task of inclusion cannot be left to the free market. For Government the role has to be that of enabler, the Survey reiterates
According to the Economic Survey 2011-12 the growth rate is expected to pick up from the second quarter of 2012-13. "We expect growth in 2012-13 to be 7.6 (+/-0.25) per cent" says the Survey. The Survey also projects " in 2013-14 it is expected that there will be further recovery for India and the nation will virtually be on the growth path it was on before the global recession of 2008". The major drivers of growth - the savings and investment rates as percentage of GDP - after showing a down turn in 2011-12 will rebound quickly as India consolidates fiscally and continues to rise slowly thereafter as the ratio of India's working age population to overall population rises because of the demographic dividend.
On the issue of 'comparative rating index for sovereigns' (CRIS), the Economic Survey 2011-12 notes that India's CRIS has seen a rise from 23.81 in 2007 to 24.52 in 2012. Since the CRIS is a comparative rating score, it means that vis-?-vis the rest of the world, India's rating has risen by 2.8% says the Survey.
The changing profile of CRIS score across the world tells a major story about the changing map of the world economy in which emerging economies are moving into centre stage and becoming drivers of the global economy, notes the Survey.
With respect to investment in infrastructure sector, the Survey points out that Planning Commission has talked about a target of one trillion dollars of infrastructural investment during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan with about half of this being raised from the private sector.
The Economic Survey 2011-12 recommends contracts as central driver of modern economy. It also sees benefits of transparent pricing formula over price control. The Survey also says that land acquisition issues are vital for India's manufacturing and industrial sector.
"Keeping in mind the incentive structure in markets, the government's aim must be to create a level playing field, provide the essential infrastructural facilities and a non-interfering bureaucracy and then enable the industrial sector to flourish on its own" recommends the Survey.
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