How to Identify a Belgian Malinois

Viewing the Body Structure

Consider the dog's size. Belgian Malinois are fairly large dogs. Males can weigh anywhere from 60 to 80 pounds (27 to 36 kg) with a height of 24 to 26 inches (61 to 66 cm), and females stand from 22–24 inches (56–61 cm) and weigh 40–60 pounds (18–27 kg).

Check the head. The head of a Malinois is overall proportionate in size to the body and is clean-cut and strong without heaviness, the top being more flattened than rounded. Malinois have moderately pointed muzzles that are approximately equal in length to the topskull. They have a scissors or level bite, a black nose and lips, and an expression of alertness and readiness for activity.

Examine the eyes. A Belgian Malinois' eyes are medium-sized and slightly almond-shaped. They are brown in color, preferably dark, and not protruding, with black rims.

Notice the ears. The ears are stiff and erect, proportionate to the head in size. They approach an equilateral triangle shape. The outer corner of the ear should not, if held down, come below the eye's center.

Look at the paws. Belgian Malinois are cat-footed and have round paws that are well-padded. The hind feet may be slightly elongated, and dewclaws are typically removed. The toes curve close together, with strong nails that are usually black but may be white to match white toe tips.

See the tail. A Malinois' tail is strong at the base and the bone reaches the hock. When in action, it is raised with a slight curve without forming a hook and is strongest at the tip.

Inspect the dog's overall structure. Malinois are well-balanced with a square build and appear strong, well-muscled, and agile. They give an impression of solidity and depth without being bulky. Malinois have a round neck, a level topline, long shoulders, a deep chest, and parallel legs. They walk with a smooth, easy, never tiring gait and tend to move in a circle rather than a straight line.

Observing the Coat

Check the appearance and texture of the coat. Belgian Malinois have comparatively short, straight coats. The coat is hard enough to be weather-resistant, includes a dense undercoat, and conforms to the body without hanging down or standing out. The hair on the head, ears, and lower legs is very short and somewhat longer on the tail, backs of the thighs, and neck, where it forms a collarette.Did you know? In some countries, the Belgian Malinois, Laekenois, Tervuren, and Sheepdog are all considered one breed. The main difference between the four dogs is the coat: Malinois are shorthaired, Laekenois are wirehaired, Tervurens are longhaired with blackened fawn/red coloring, and Sheepdogs are longhaired with black coloring.

Identify the base color. A Malinois' coat is a basic brown in color, ranging from rich fawn to mahogany. The underparts of the body, tail, and breeches may be a lighter fawn, though not a washed-out fawn color.

Look for black markings. Some hairs on a Belgian Malinois have black tips, giving the appearance of an overlay. Malinois also typically have black ears and a black mask on the face. Occasionally, a Belgian Malinois may be seen with white markings on the toes or a small white mark on the breastbone (not extending to the neck).

Taking Notice of Temperament

See if the dog is active. Belgian Malinois were originally bred to herd, so it's no surprise that they're very active dogs. They have high energy levels and require regular vigorous activity.Did you know? Though Belgian Malinois were originally herders, they've proven to be very versatile dogs and have since been seen in not only the show ring but the police force, military, as farm dogs, obedience and agility champions, and more.

Recognize intelligence. Malinois are known for being intelligent dogs. They can excel in agility and obedience classes when properly trained.

Look for a high prey drive. A high level of prey drive is common in Malinois. A Malinois should be taught to correct any negative behavior relating to their high prey drive at an early age.

Notice if the dog is protective. Belgian Malinois are extremely protective. This, along with their attentiveness and intelligence, make them excellent guard dogs without being overly aggressive.

Check for alertness. Belgian Malinois are very alert and attentive. They are quick and responsive to commands.